{"id":152,"date":"2018-10-25T11:23:39","date_gmt":"2018-10-25T08:23:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.liberalglobe.com\/?p=152"},"modified":"2021-09-03T16:12:56","modified_gmt":"2021-09-03T13:12:56","slug":"152","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.liberalglobe.com\/?p=152","title":{"rendered":"The Solutions to the Migration Problem for USA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

As for the USA (United States of America), the immigration flow is coming from two main sources: From the migration flow which is came beyond the sea, and from the migration flow which is came from the south borders of USA and \u00a0\u00a0 specifically from Mexico. Therefore for USA the migration flows can be made more controllable by applying the methodology that I propose for the Eurozone\/EU (please read also the analyses titled: \u201cThe Solutions to the Migration Problem for the EU-Part I<\/a>\u201d & \u201cThe Solutions to the Migration Problem for the EU-Part II<\/a>\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Chart<\/strong>
Illustrating the number of people apprehended by the US Border Patrol on the US-Mexican border who are, and are not Mexican nationals<\/strong>
Data: “US Border Patrol”
This photo by Author: Carwil licensed public domain
Source: https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:SWBorderCrossing-NonMexicans-Chart.png
<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

by\u00a0Thanos S. Chonthrogiannis<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0399t is forbidden by the law of intellectual property in any way unlawful use & appropriation of the present article. There will be severe civil and criminal sanctions for the offender.<\/em><\/p>\n

More specifically:<\/p>\n

1) From the migration flow which is beyond the sea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Its control is easier, given that are implemented the three (3) criteria which I suggested for implementation for the control of the immigration flow in the Eurozone\/EU.<\/p>\n

Within this framework, the government of USA has voted an anti-immigration law which does not allow the entrance in citizens who are came from specific countries. Personally, I am opposed to being stigmatized whole countries and people.<\/p>\n

The state mechanisms of the countries have in their disposal the means to identify which citizens are involved in delinquent behaviors and in terrorism. It is not needed to be excluded whole nations and countries. In this case, the USA due to their physical geographic position in the world map-where its land is protected by two oceans-the only entrance in the USA is through aero plane and from the southeast sea borders.<\/p>\n

The strict controls that are applied in these specific border sections do not allow the entrance of immigration flows in the country.<\/p>\n

2) From the migration flow which is came from the south terrestrial borders of USA and specifically from Mexico<\/strong><\/p>\n

The current government of USA, as much before the elections as after the elections (since 20\/01\/2017), announced the creation of a wall along the borders with Mexico.<\/p>\n

In this article, I will try to demonstrate how the creation of such a great gigantic work\/project could be beneficial to both peoples, the people of USA and the people of Mexico equally but also for the immigrants. Also, I will demonstrate that this policy-the construction of this wall, is correct but not enough to achieve the greater possible efficiency to curb the migratory flows outside the United States.<\/p>\n

That is why I shall present in this article and in The Liberal\u2019s Globe opinion as to what will have to be the complementary and irreplaceable policy that will must accompany the announced construction policy of this huge project\/wall.<\/p>\n

Policy 1-the construction of the wall along US south terrestrial borders<\/strong><\/p>\n

A gigantic work of the order of the specific project proposed by the government of USA (a wall along its south borders) belongs in the category of projects which can to sub-support the recovery of a country’s economy (other projects of such size are the modernization of the road network, the modernization of the railway network etc.).<\/p>\n

Before referring to the treaty which will must prevail so that this project can be offered on a permanent basis to the two peoples, I will try to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of this policy.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Advantages<\/em><\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> It gives well paid jobs in many US people and not only, who have the least qualifications and for as long as it is built (for the politicians this is translated in votes).<\/p>\n

2)<\/strong> It creates permanent job positions for its after-construction operation and maintenance equally (very few job positions in relation with the number of job positions for its construction).<\/p>\n

3)<\/strong> Fully controlled migration flows to and from each country, enabling each country to steer this migratory flow accordingly depending on the needs of each country (i.e. seasonal works). Knowing each country its needs, it can give each immigrant both a seasonal visa and a social security number so that there is better control and there is a better tax return on the country’s revenue, fighting at the same time both the uninsured work and the shadow economy.<\/p>\n

4)<\/strong> The immigrants-citizens avoid engaging in illegal and dangerous transactions with network of slavers, losing not only their entire economies but many times their own lives.<\/p>\n

5)<\/strong> Drastic reduction of the illegal trade in every type of merchandise.<\/p>\n

6)<\/strong> Transfer of migrant remittances, in an official and non-illegal manner, helping the economy of the country receiving these remittances.<\/p>\n

7)<\/strong> Possible acquisition of a higher level of know-how by migrants who could transfer it to their countries by helping the development of their countries.<\/p>\n

8)<\/strong> Covering jobs by immigrants, where US nationals do not consider these jobs to be attractive and support of the country’s social security\/pension system, given that the US will have gave first to the immigrants\u2019 social security number.<\/p>\n

9)<\/strong> Drastic reduction of the uninsured and uncontrol work in US.<\/p>\n

10)<\/strong> The creation of new towns near the wall which will be along the borders for the provision of services as much to the construction workers as to those workers who will maintain and operate later the specific wall. These new towns will use exclusively renewable energy sources.<\/p>\n

11)<\/strong> The creation of new railway and road networks equally from the wall to the US inland, which will operate solely with renewable energy sources.<\/p>\n

12)<\/strong> This wall will must operate and to be maintained solely and only from renewable energy sources.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Disadvantages<\/em><\/p>\n

1)<\/strong> Highly construction cost and realization of the project, which if fully funded by the US federal budget will be able to change the fiscal and macroeconomic data burdening federal government debt and monetary policy. Our proposal in this article aims to illustrate how the construction cost of this huge project will be drastically reduced by imposing the minimum possible cost on the US federal budget.<\/p>\n

2)<\/strong> There will must be political and constitutional guarantees that no US government can arbitrarily close or reduce the migratory flows (only in extremely extreme cases, e.g. epidemics, etc.) and that there will be no sort of segregation and exclusion in foreign people based on nationality, religion, skin color etc. (unless someone has been convicted of specific offenses or suspected of being a carrier of communicable diseases that can cause an outbreak in the population).<\/p>\n

To guarantee that the advantages mentioned above will be achieved and maintained to the greatest extent possible both during the construction of the project and after its completion, while at the same time the disadvantages will always be kept to a minimum, it should:<\/p>\n

A)<\/strong> As it concerns the construction cost of the project,<\/p>\n

i)<\/strong> To be funded through programs of PPP (Public and Private Partnership). By this way will bot be burdened the federal and the state budgets correspondingly.<\/p>\n

ii)<\/strong> Any expropriations of land to be made by the state.<\/p>\n

iii)<\/strong> To separate each piece of the project into several sections.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0iii a)<\/strong> To encode all the building materials to be used in the project-wall.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0iii b)<\/strong> To auction each construction material of the project so that the \u00a0\u00a0 construction company, to achieve each\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0time, to receive the maximum amount of material in the lowest possible value. This method will drastically reduce the\u00a0 \u00a0cost of the whole project.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 iii c)<\/strong> To set stringent construction specifications with project completion in specific timetables.<\/p>\n

With this way the cost of the whole project will keep in the lowest possible levels.<\/p>\n

B)<\/strong> For bills and constitutional guarantees, will must be voted law draughts and insurance policies.<\/p>\n

C)<\/strong> After the completion of the project will must put entrance ticket in the country (in the country which spent the funds for the construction of the wall). The ticket will be paid on the entrance and not on the exit. The ticket price will have to be in logical frames, so that it can pay off its construction costs over a given time horizon and reimburse its maintenance\/operation costs.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • The necessary condition that will have to prevail in achieving this project and especially its advantages is:<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    To attain at any moment the maximum migration flow which is entering from the wall to the country that spent the funds to build it. This means that there will must not be restrictions on the origin of immigrant people, their color, their religion and, more generally, their country of origin. In different case the whole project will present deficit in the budget of the project.<\/p>\n

    Policy 2-How the poor populations of Mexico and Central American countries will remain in their countries without looking to emigrate to North America<\/strong><\/p>\n

    The answer to the above question will must be the complementary and at the same time the irreplaceable policy on the construction policy of the wall along the southern US border with Mexico. The full implementation of these two policies will form the basis for minimizing the size of migratory flows from the countries of Central America to the US and Canada.<\/p>\n

    The US government will have to persuade the governments of Central American countries to move towards a land redistribution policy in their own countries so that the poorest strata of their populations acquire full ownership rights over the land. Then these proprietary rights will enable their new owners to cultivate their lands for themselves to obtain the necessary annual disposable income to live decently, while ignoring any thought of immigration.<\/p>\n

    Analytically,<\/p>\n

    \u2022 What will must do the governments of Mexico and Central American countries<\/em><\/p>\n

    The governments of Mexico and the Central American countries equally will must properly and fairly distribute the entire state and private land of their countries.<\/p>\n

    a)<\/strong> As to the old landowners<\/p>\n

    The governments will have to buy and compensate fully all those landowners who do not cultivate their land properties. The compensation can be part of cash and the remainder of the compensation be given with government bonds or shares of public companies that are proven prosperous to avoid any deception of these people.<\/p>\n

    If there are no prosperous public enterprises, compensation will must be made in cash. The amount of compensation for the old landowners will must be determined based on the prices generated by the national cadaster of each country. If there is no national cadaster in that country, then the compensation can be determined, for example, with the value of the total production for seven consecutive years.<\/p>\n

    b)<\/strong> As to the state land<\/p>\n

    The entire state and purchased private land will must then be distributed to all the poor strata of each of these countries e.g. one hectare per family and depending on the size of the entire arable land of each country. This land distribution and performance will must not be done on a long-term lease (e.g. 100 years). But the new owners will must have full ownership rights on their land.<\/p>\n

    The state will must allocate these land to farmers at a pre-determined price which may be, for example, three times the value of the annual harvest. This value the new farmers will pay back to their state within a payback duration of ten years.<\/p>\n

    Then the governments of Mexico and the Central American countries will have to provide low interest-rate credits-funds to each of these land owners. Who land owners will must use these funds to buy the appropriate and selected seeds and fertilizers for the chosen cultivation of their land. The repayment of these low interest-rate credits by the new owners of arable land will must be done on a long horizon. The repayment will must be done by harvesting their crops.<\/p>\n

    Then the governments of the Central American countries will have to set (at least for the first years) a minimum price which will be at a high level for each farm product. This minimum price will must be multiple than both the labor costs of each country’s agricultural sector and the cost of purchasing seeds and fertilizers. In this way the new land owners will be able to repay their debts and give work to other fellow human beings at the same time.<\/p>\n

    The governments will must also
    i)<\/strong> set up a stable tax system with a low tax rate for the agricultural income.
    ii)<\/strong> to let free the prices and the salaries in the economy.<\/p>\n

    \u2022 What the international organizations will have to do?<\/em><\/p>\n

    The international organizations in cooperation with the local institutions of each country will must advise and direct the new land owners:<\/p>\n

    1)<\/strong> for the type and kind of cultivation that will must be cultivated on their land. The choice will have to be based on a study that considers both the type of land and the climate of the area, but also the minimum possible amount of water that will be required.<\/p>\n

    2)<\/strong> The selected and promoted crop will must also be directed towards export.<\/p>\n

    3)<\/strong> The seeds to be selected and used in combination with fertilizers will have to gradually increase the volume and size of the total harvest each time.<\/p>\n

    4)<\/strong> If there are no irrigation projects for watering crops, will must be created the appropriate rainwater collection infrastructures for the watering of crops. This will minimize the cost of cultivation. These infrastructures will must be financed and built at the expense of the governments and not at the expense of the new land owners-farmers.<\/p>\n

    5)<\/strong> The new owners-farmers will have to consult appropriately on how to do the proper watering and for all stages of cultivation.<\/p>\n

    \u2022 The new land owners in turn will must:<\/em><\/p>\n

    1)<\/strong> to create cooperative units. These cooperative units will have democratically elected board of directors who will hire a private sector manager.<\/p>\n

    2)<\/strong> This salaried private sector manager will have to create the appropriate contacts and channels of sale with wholesalers for the export of agricultural products. Also this private sector salaried manager will be responsible for the credits to be paid to the new farmers of his cooperative unit.<\/p>\n

    3)<\/strong> It is not correct to be placed a civil servant in the position of that private sector salaried manager who due to corruption, will not do his job properly.<\/p>\n

    4)<\/strong> New land owners will be able to sell their crops on their own in local markets. In this way the generated income by the new land owners will retain the overwhelming set of poor strata of societies in their countries and will minimize any migratory flows.<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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